• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A method for the gaseous reduction of iron ore to sponge iron in a vertical moving bed reactor having a reduction zone in the upper portion thereof and a cooling zone in the lower portion thereof which comprises using a coolant gas containing up to about 30% by volume of hydrocarbon, e.g., coke oven gas, and passing a mixture of the hydrocarbon-containing gas and steam through the cooling zone to cause the sponge iron therein to catalyze the conversion of the hydrocarbon/steam mixture to carbon monoxide and hydrogen.
    公开号:SU995708A3
    申请号:SU802979298
    申请日:1980-09-03
    公开日:1983-02-07
    发明作者:Федерико Прайс-Фалькон Хуан；Рэймон Мартинез-Вера Энрике
    申请人:Ильса С.А. (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    In cases where sponge iron must be used as part of the raw material for a blast furnace, it is economically preferable to separate the unit for obtaining sponge iron from sub-.
    Furnace and coke oven, i.e. Position the sponge iron plant near the blast furnaces. This physical combination of tTOBKH for the production of sponge iron and blast furnaces provides a number of assets. Thus, it is possible to reduce the amount of loading operations with the finished sponge iron and reduce the need for cooling the finished sponge iron.
    V In addition, side coke oven gas can be used in such a combined unit as a source of reducing components for a gaseous ore reduction reactor. Raw coke gae is not effective. recovery of iron ore. Coke oven gas can be processed to improve its reducing efficiency using a catalytic reforming process, but this significantly increases the cost of gas. In addition, coke oven gas has a high gas content.
    The aim of the invention is to increase furnace productivity and fuel economy.
    The goal is achieved in that according to the method of reducing iron ore to iron sponge in a vertical reactor, including a countercurrent of ore and hot reducing gas, cooling sponge iron in the lower part of the reactor, recirculating a cooling gas containing hydrocarbons and supplying water or steam, steam, and hydrocarbon gas are added to the bottom or middle of the cooling section, with steam being supplied in a ratio of 1.0-1.5 mm to the amount of hydrocarbons contained in the added gas.
    The added gas contains 1O30 vol.% Gaseous hydrocarbons.
    The reducing gas produced in the cooling zone is heated before entering the reduction zone.
    Coke oven gas is used as an additional gas in the cooling zone.
    Steam is introduced directly into the cooling zone.
    The gas withdrawn from the cooling zone is the sole source of the reducing gas of the reduction zone.
    In the proposed method, the cooling zone is used not only to cool the VISI and carburize sponge iron, as in the previous systems, but also as a reforming area of a mixture of water vapor and carbon-containing gas. By this method, a cooling circuit has been created, including the cooling zone of the reactor, and steam and carbon-containing gas, usually Methane-containing gas, are either introduced at individual points in this circuit, or premixed and introduced as a mixture into the cooling circuit . Sponge iron inside the specified cooling zone is used as a catalyst in order to ensure the reforming of the gaseous hydrocarbon in the gas-vapor mixture, and the resulting reformed gas is then used as a source of reducing gas for the reduction zone of the reactor. Raw coke oven gas does not need to be completely desulfurized in this way, since the deposition of sulfur on the sponge iron in the cooling zone does not actually adversely affect its activity, and the sponge iron forms a constantly renewed catalytic mass. The amount of sulfur deposited on the sponge gland can be easily adjusted during the subsequent operation in steel production. Using the known process of lowering the cost of desulfurization.
    The gas mixture with steam contains up to approximately 30% by volume of methane or another hydrocarbon gas. Using higher ratios in terms of hydrocarbon content, excessive deposition of Google carbon on spongy iron may occur.
    In the drawing, the system directly reflects the gaseous reduction.
    权利要求:
    Claims (6)
    [1]
    The shaft reducing reactor 1 with a moving bed, has in its upper part a reducing zone 2 and a cooling zone 3, divided into upper 4 and lower 5 sections in the lower part of the reactor. The recoverable & ore enters the top of the reactor through inlet fitting 6 and passes down through the reduction zone 2, where it is reduced by passing gas upward and upwards through the cooling zone 3 out of the reactor through the discharge port 7. The ore is reduced using a reducing gas, which is mainly composed of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, is heated in P1 to a preheater 8 at a temperature of about TSO-IOOO C and then sent through pipe 9 to the injection chamber 1O, bathroom inner circumferential wall 11 adjacent to the reactor wall. From the injection chamber 10, the reducing gas passes around the lower KpoMKBt of the partition 11, from there upwards through the crushed iron ore in the military zone 2 and restores the ore to sponge iron. The gas escaping from the top above the ore layer in the reduction zone is withdrawn from the reactor through line 12 and enters the cooling mixer 13, where it is cooled and dehydrated due to direct contact with cooling water. The cooled and dehydrated reducing gas leaves the cooler 13 through conduit 14 and then part of the gas is separated from it, which is directed through conduit 15 to a suitable storage location or place of use, for example, as a fuel gas. The rest of the reducing gas passing through the pipe 14 flows through the pipe 16 to the pump 17, through which it is pumped through the pipeline 18 back to the heater 8. Thus, a significant part of the reducing gas circulates in a closed loop, including the reducing zone 2, piping 12, cooler 13, piping 14 and 16, pump 17, piping 18, preheater 8 and piping 9. Piping 15 is provided with a counterpressure regulator 19 to hold the required overpressure neiraa inside the Torah. The resulting stop gas is fed to the reducing gas circuit from line 20 in the manner described below. I The cooling zone 3, like restoring to the inner zone 2, also forms part of the gas flow contour. The cooling gas enters the lower part of the cooling zone through conduit 21 and enters the injection chamber 22 formed by the reactor wall AND with an internal partition in the shape of a truncated cone 23. From the high pressure area 22 of the chamber, the cooling gas passes around the lower edge (cone) 23, upwards through sections 4 and 5 of the cooling zone to the overpressure region 24, bounded by the reactor wall and a truncated cone-shaped partition 25. From the high pressure region 24, the cooling gas passes through line 26 to the refrigeration unit Nick 27, where it is cooled in dehydrated and plugged through duct 28, is sent to receive a circulating pump 29, through which it is fed through the return pipe to the duct 21.. The cooling gas, which is directed through the conduit 21 to the lower part of the cooling zone, is also reducing gas, which has similarity to the gas introduced into the reducing zone 2, in that it contains significant amounts of oxide and hydrogen. The cooling circuit is filled with methane-containing gas, which is introduced into the circuit from a suitable source through conduit 31 under the control of an automatic flow regulator 32. The resulting gas contains a significant amount of hydrocarbon gas, such as gas containing approx. 1 to 30% vol. Methane, or coke oven gas, which contains less methane. In any case, a significant amount of hydrocarbon is contained in the gas entering the bottom of the cooling zone from conduit 21. A cold reducing gas rising from the bottom up through the zone. 3 performs at least three different functions. Two of these functions are carried out in the cooling zones of previously known moving bed reactors, namely the cooling of reduced iron ore and the carburization of sponge iron. Under the conditions existing in the cooling zone, most of the carbon produced in the carburization reaction reacts with sponge iron to form iron carbide, which is distributed among the sponge iron particles exiting the reactor through outlet 7. In the sponge iron discharged ggs is a relatively small amount of elemental carbon. The cooling zone also has a third function, which is that this zone serves to convert the hydrocarbon components of the bottom-up gas and carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Water is introduced into the reactor to form water, which can cause the reaction to proceed, preferably steam flow from the upper section 4 and lower section 5 of the cooling zone. Water vapor is supplied from a suitable pipeline via conduit 33, to which flow regulator 34 is installed, and then via conduit 35, a shut-off valve 36 is installed on KOTopt, to the elevated pressure area 37, from where it passes through the perimeter of the hole 38 in the cooling zone. The steam is mixed with the hydrocarbon containing gas rising from the bottom up and interacts with it in accordance with the above equation. The reaction between steam and hydrocarbon is catalyzed with hot sponge iron in section 4 of the cooling zone, thus increasing the content of carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the circulating cooling gas. Excess water vapor excess is used to slow down undesirable carbon deposition in the reactor. The molar ratio between water pars and methane or another hydrocarbon may be in the range 1, O: 1-1.5: 1. Since the reforming reaction is endohermic, the heat of this reaction is taken from the hot, spongy iron to cool it (nsho. As indicated in the drawing, water vapor through the conduit 33 can also be directed through conduit 39, where there is a shut-off valve 40 into the recirculated gas passing through conduit 21. Thus, water vapor can be directed either to the recirculated gas, or to a point between sections 4 and 5 of the cooling zone, or to both locations. bottom up through cooling The zone is enriched with carbon monoxide and hydrogen, it is useful as a reducing gas in the reduction zone. Accordingly, part of the recirculated gas passing through the cooling circuit ejects the HO from the pipeline where the flow regulator is installed and pipeline 20 as an additional gas to the reducing gas circuit Example: The device is fed with fresh gas (for example, coke oven gas) containing 25% hydrocarbon (in this example, CH4). The total flow in the 31-pipe is 697.7 m3 / T of iron (NCM / t Pe). Thus, the CH4 flux is 174.4 NCM / T Fe (i.e. 25% of 697.7). The amount of gas injected into the middle part of the cooling zone is 251.7 NCM / T Pe. Thus, the steam / carbon ratio is 1.44. With a working pressure of 4 atm and a gas inlet temperature of 9–50 ° C, the final product obtained is sponge iron with a metallization degree of 87% and carbon content of 2.3%. The invention provides a new and extremely effective method of reforming a gas consisting of soda | burning a significant amount of hydrocarbon components, for example, coke oven gas or another gas containing up to 30% by volume of hydrocarbon, in order to increase the reducing efficiency of such a gas. In addition, gas enrichment is achieved without using a separate catalytic reforming furnace, which requires significant capital expenditures. Thus, a restorative system has been created that is extremely effective. 1. Method for reducing dispersed iron ore to sponge iron in a vertical reactor, including countercurrent ore and hot reducing gas, cooling sponge iron in the lower part of the reactor, recycling cooling gas containing hydrocarbons, water or steam, characterized in that, in order to increase furnace productivity and fuel economy, steam and hydrocarbon-containing gas are added to the lower or middle part of the cooling zone, and steam is supplied in the ratio 1, O-1.5k to the amount of coal The gas contained in the added gas.
    [2]
    2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the gas to be added contains 1O-3V% by volume of gaseous hydrocarbons.
    [3]
    3. Method according to paragraphs. 1 and 2, characterized in that the reducing gas produced in the cooling zone is heated by entering into the reduction zone.
    [4]
    4. Method according to paragraphs. 1-3, about tl and h ayu and with the fact that as an additional 9 © 9570610
    Whose gas is used in the zone of cooling
    coke (shy gas.connected.
    [5]
    5. Method according to W. 1-4, Distinguish y-Source vnformapv,
    w in and with the fact that the water howl steam entered in BBtiMaBBe prv expertkze
    IB cooling zone. 51. US patent N 3769872,
    [6]
    6. Method according to paragraphs. 1-5, distinguish-cl. C 21 V 13 / OO, publ. 1976. u and with the fact that withdrawn from the zone2. U.S. Patent No. 4,150,972, refrigeration gas, is the sole iono- (Cl. 21V 13 / O2, published 24.04.79.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    JPS5681609A|1981-07-03|
    SE448469B|1987-02-23|
    RO81347A|1983-04-29|
    IN153084B|1984-05-26|
    NO802600L|1981-03-05|
    AT379829B|1986-03-10|
    NL8004761A|1981-03-06|
    PL124750B1|1983-02-28|
    BE885062A|1980-12-31|
    ES8106558A1|1981-08-16|
    AU6168380A|1981-03-12|
    ATA443680A|1985-07-15|
    DE3033336A1|1981-03-26|
    GB2058841A|1981-04-15|
    IT8024345D0|1980-08-28|
    ZA805061B|1981-08-26|
    PL226581A1|1981-07-24|
    US4261734A|1981-04-14|
    FR2464304B1|1985-05-10|
    MX154187A|1987-06-08|
    EG14464A|1984-03-31|
    GR70218B|1982-08-31|
    FR2464304A1|1981-03-06|
    AR222719A1|1981-06-15|
    SE8005992L|1981-03-05|
    RO81347B|1983-04-30|
    CA1152749A|1983-08-30|
    GB2058841B|1983-03-02|
    JPS5818963B2|1983-04-15|
    ZM7380A1|1981-07-21|
    DD152943A5|1981-12-16|
    AU539025B2|1984-09-06|
    MA18945A1|1981-04-01|
    ES494772A0|1981-08-16|
    DE3033336C2|1986-12-04|
    YU217180A|1983-01-21|
    BR8005544A|1981-03-17|
    IL60965D0|1980-11-30|
    IT1141026B|1986-10-01|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US2311850A|1941-05-01|1943-02-23|United Merchants & Mfg|Flock printing|
    DE1201377B|1961-11-23|1965-09-23|Huettenwerk Oberhausen Ag|Process and plant for the production of iron sponge from iron ore in a reduction shaft using reducing gas|
    US3375098A|1964-07-22|1968-03-26|Armco Steel Corp|Gaseous reduction of iron ores|
    US3827879A|1973-02-22|1974-08-06|Fierro Esponja|Method for the gaseous reduction of metal ores|
    US4046557A|1975-09-08|1977-09-06|Midrex Corporation|Method for producing metallic iron particles|
    US4054444A|1975-09-22|1977-10-18|Midrex Corporation|Method for controlling the carbon content of directly reduced iron|
    JPS52155116A|1976-06-18|1977-12-23|Kobe Steel Ltd|Reduced iron preparation using hydrocarbon gas as reducing agent|
    US4150972A|1977-11-17|1979-04-24|Fierro Esponja, S.A.|Controlling carburization in the reduction of iron ore to sponge iron|
    US4160663A|1978-02-21|1979-07-10|Jack Hsieh|Method for the direct reduction of iron ore|JPS5850162A|1981-09-22|1983-03-24|Kobe Steel Ltd|Continuous casting and extruding method for cupreous material|
    MX156697A|1982-05-12|1988-09-27|Hylsa Sa|IMPROVED METHOD FOR THE DIRECT REDUCTION OF IRON MINERALS|
    US4528030A|1983-05-16|1985-07-09|Hylsa, S.A.|Method of reducing iron ore|
    US4556417A|1983-05-17|1985-12-03|Hylsa, S.A.|Process for the direct reduction of iron ores|
    US4536213A|1984-09-10|1985-08-20|Mildrex International, B.V.|Reforming of higher hydrocarbons for metal oxide reduction|
    AT382166B|1985-05-13|1987-01-26|Voest Alpine Ag|METHOD FOR DIRECTLY REDUCING PARTICULAR IRON-OXIDATING MATERIAL|
    US4702766A|1986-03-21|1987-10-27|Midrex International, B.V. Rotterdam, Zurich Branch|Method of increasing carbon content of direct reduced iron and apparatus|
    US4752329A|1986-03-21|1988-06-21|Midrex International B.V. Rotterdam, Zurich Branch|Apparatus and method for increasing carbon content of hot directly reduced iron|
    US5064467A|1987-11-02|1991-11-12|C.V.G. Siderurgica Del Orinoco, C.A.|Method and apparatus for the direct reduction of iron|
    CA1336359C|1987-11-02|1995-07-25|Corporacion Venezolana De Guayana |Method and apparatus for the direct reduction of iron|
    US5078788A|1989-12-22|1992-01-07|C.V.G. Siderurgica Del Orinoco, C.A.|Method for the direct reduction of iron|
    US5069716A|1989-12-22|1991-12-03|C.V.G. Siderurgica Del Orinoco, C.A.|Process for the production of liquid steel from iron containing metal oxides|
    DE102007032419B4|2007-07-10|2013-02-21|Outotec Oyj|Process and plant for the reduction of iron oxide-containing solids|
    CN103103305B|2013-03-05|2014-07-30|周广砥|Alkane-heating type reduction sponge iron shaft furnace|
    RU2590029C1|2015-01-12|2016-07-10|Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Научно-производственное внедренческое предприятие ТОРЭКС"|Method for production of sponge iron and shaft furnace therefor|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US06/072,412|US4261734A|1979-09-04|1979-09-04|Method of making sponge iron|
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